Oral Cancer Evaluation & Treatment

Oral cancer evaluation and treatment involve a comprehensive medical process aimed at diagnosing and managing malignancies that develop in the oral cavity, which includes the lips, tongue, mouth, throat, and adjacent areas. Early detection and prompt treatment are essential for the best possible outcomes. Here's an overview of oral cancer evaluation and treatment:

Oral Cancer Evaluation:

Clinical Assessment:

• The evaluation often begins with a thorough clinical assessment, during which a healthcare provider reviews the patient's medical history and risk factors. Smoking and tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, and exposure to human papillomavirus (HPV) are common risk factors for oral cancer.

Physical Examination:

• A comprehensive physical examination of the oral cavity, throat, and neck is performed to identify any abnormal growths, sores, or lumps. This may include the use of a light and mirrors, as well as palpation of the neck for enlarged lymph nodes.

Biopsy:

• If suspicious lesions or growths are identified during the examination, a biopsy is performed to obtain a tissue sample for laboratory analysis. A pathologist examines the tissue to confirm the presence of cancer, identify the specific type, and assess the stage of the disease.

Oral Cancer Treatment:

Surgery:

• Surgical intervention is often the primary treatment for oral cancer. The goal of surgery is to remove the cancerous tissue, and the extent of the procedure depends on the cancer's stage and location. It may involve the removal of part or all of the affected organ, such as the tongue, jaw, or lymph nodes.

Radiation Therapy:

• Radiation therapy uses high-energy beams to target and destroy cancer cells. It can be used before or after surgery, or as a primary treatment option for cases where surgery is not feasible.

Chemotherapy:

• Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs to kill cancer cells or slow their growth. It is often used in combination with surgery or radiation therapy, particularly for advanced or aggressive oral cancers.

Targeted Therapy:

• Targeted therapy involves medications that specifically target certain molecules or pathways within cancer cells. These therapies are used for specific types of oral cancer.

Immunotherapy:

• Immunotherapy harnesses the body's immune system to fight cancer. Some immunotherapies are approved for the treatment of oral cancers.